![]() ![]() One way or another, in short, France would never again be the same.ĭe Gaulle most probably never read this letter. ![]() Moreover, those struggling on behalf of the former were driven by two often competing ideals: “The clear desire for justice and profound demand for liberty.” Yet, he warned, if we can one day create a doctrine based on these two imperatives, they would lead to the “complete overhaul” of the nation’s constitutional and financial institutions. We are teetering, he declared, between renaissance and ruin. In three closely typed pages, the writer, identifying himself as “ un résistant intellectuel,” described the “anguish” he felt as he surveyed the political and moral landscape of Nazi-occupied France. IN THE SUMMER or fall of 1943, La France libre, the London-based provisional government led by General Charles de Gaulle, received a letter from across the Channel. ![]()
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